PageIndex: When RAG Bids Farewell to Vector Databases—How Reasoning-Driven Retrieval is Reshaping Long-Document Analysis PageIndex Banner Image source: PageIndex Official Repository The core question this article answers: Why do traditional vector-based RAG systems consistently fail when handling professional long documents, and how does PageIndex achieve truly human-like precision through its “vectorless, chunkless” reasoning-driven architecture? If you’ve ever asked a financial analysis RAG system about the specific reasons for intangible asset impairment in a company’s Q3 report, only to receive generic statements about fixed asset depreciation, you’ve experienced the structural flaw that plagues traditional retrieval systems. Semantic similarity is not the …
MemoBrain: The Executive Memory Brain for LLM Reasoning In the complex reasoning scenarios of tool-augmented agents, the continuous accumulation of long-horizon reasoning trajectories and temporary tool interaction results is constantly occupying the limited working context space of large language models (LLMs). Without the support of a dedicated memory mechanism, this undifferentiated information accumulation can disrupt the logical continuity of reasoning and cause the agent to deviate from task objectives—turning memory management from a mere efficiency optimization issue into a core link supporting long-horizon, goal-directed reasoning. MemoBrain is precisely an executive memory model designed to address this problem. It constructs a …
Snippet/Abstract: RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) optimizes Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge bases, effectively mitigating “hallucinations,” bypassing context window limits (e.g., 32K-128K), and addressing professional knowledge gaps. Evolution into Multi-modal RAG and Agentic GraphRAG enables precise processing of images, tables, and complex entity relationships in vertical domains like medicine, finance, and law, achieving pixel-level traceability. The Ultimate Guide to Full-Stack RAG: From Basic Retrieval to Multi-modal Agentic GraphRAG In the current landscape of artificial intelligence, building a local knowledge base for Question & Answer (Q&A) systems is arguably the most sought-after application of Large Language Models (LLMs). Whether the …
Hunyuan-MT 1.5: How a 1.8B Model Delivers Champion-Level Translation In the world of machine translation, a persistent dilemma exists: should we chase the highest possible translation quality, or prioritize deployment efficiency and inference speed? Traditionally, larger models with more parameters promised better results, but at the cost of significant computational expense and high deployment barriers. Tencent Hunyuan’s newly open-sourced HY-MT1.5 series directly tackles this challenge. It consists of two members: a nimble 1.8B “lightweight contender” and a powerful 7B “champion heavyweight.” Remarkably, the 1.8B model—with less than one-third the parameters of its larger sibling—achieves translation quality that is “close” to …
Building a Smart Q&A System from Scratch: A Practical Guide to Agentic RAG with LangGraph Have you ever wished for a document Q&A assistant that understands conversation context, asks for clarification when things are ambiguous, and can handle complex questions in parallel, much like a human would? Today, we will dive deep into how to build a production-ready intelligent Q&A system using 「Agentic RAG (Agent-driven Retrieval-Augmented Generation)」 and the 「LangGraph」 framework. This article is not just a tutorial; it’s a blueprint for the next generation of human-computer interaction. Why Are Existing RAG Systems Not Enough? Before we begin, let’s examine …
WeDLM in Practice: How to Deploy a Causal-Attention Diffusion LM That Outruns vLLM Without New Kernels TL;DR: WeDLM keeps causal attention, reorders tokens so masked positions still see all observed context, and commits tokens left-to-right as soon as they are predicted. The result is the first diffusion-style language model that beats a production vLLM baseline in wall-clock time while preserving (and sometimes improving) accuracy. This post explains why it works, how to run it, and what to watch when you ship it. What exact problem does WeDLM solve? Question answered: “Why do most diffusion language models feel fast in papers …
MegaRAG: Teaching RAG to Read Diagrams, Charts, and Slide Layouts Like a Human “ What makes MegaRAG different? It treats every page as a mini-multimodal graph—text, figures, tables, and even the page screenshot itself become nodes. A two-pass large-language-model pipeline first extracts entities in parallel, then refines cross-modal edges using a global subgraph. The final answer is produced in two stages to prevent modality bias. On four public benchmarks the system outperforms GraphRAG and LightRAG by up to 45 percentage points while running on a single RTX-3090. § The Core Question This Article Answers “How can I build a retrieval-augmented-generation …
Train a Privacy Shield in 30 Minutes—Inside tanaos-text-anonymizer-v1’s Zero-Data Trick ❝ Core question: How do you scrub names, addresses, phones, dates and locations from text when you have zero labeled examples? One-sentence answer: Load tanaos-text-anonymizer-v1, let the Artifex library synthesise 10 k training lines on the fly, fine-tune for ten minutes, and you get a tiny model that replaces sensitive spans with [MASKED] tokens faster than you can grep. ❞ What this article answers (and why you should care) 「Central question:」 “Can a model with only 110 M parameters really reach production-grade PII removal without any human-labeled data?” 「Short answer:」 …
How to Adapt Full-Attention LLMs to Sliding Window Attention: A Practical Guide to SWAA Featured Snippet Summary Sliding Window Attention Adaptation (SWAA) is a practical toolkit for adapting full-attention pretrained large language models (LLMs) to sliding window attention (SWA) without expensive pretraining. It combines five methods—prefill-only SWA, sink token preservation, layer interleaving, chain-of-thought prompting, and fine-tuning—to reduce long-context inference costs to linear complexity while recovering most original performance on models like Qwen3 and Llama. Why Sliding Window Attention Matters for Long-Context LLMs If you’ve ever tried running a large language model on a really long prompt—say, analyzing a full book …
ChatGPT Memory System Exposed: How It Remembers 33 Facts About You Without a Database When you ask ChatGPT what it knows about you, the response can be surprisingly personal. In one instance, it listed 33 distinct facts, ranging from a user’s name and career ambitions to their current fitness routine. This leads to a fundamental question: how does an AI model store, retrieve, and utilize this information so seamlessly? After extensive experimentation and reverse engineering through direct interaction, a surprising discovery emerged. ChatGPT’s memory system is not the complex, vector-database-driven architecture many might assume. There is no RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) …
Why RL for Large Language Models Keeps Crashing — and the 7 Engineering Tweaks That Finally Made a 30B MoE Stable After 300k GPU Hours “ What makes policy-gradient RL for LLMs explode, and how do we stop it? Token-level objectives are only a first-order approximation of the true sequence reward. When the training-inference gap or policy staleness grows, the approximation breaks. Importance sampling, clipping and Routing Replay keep the two gaps small and training stable. 0. One-glance cheat-sheet Scenario Must-have knobs Typical failure signal Proven combo in paper Pure on-policy (N=1) Importance-Sampling (IS) KL(μ‖π) ↑ entropy ↓ MiniRL w/ …
SSA: Achieving Sparser Attention by Aligning Full and Sparse Attention Outputs in Feature Space “ When large language models process long texts, the computational cost of the attention mechanism remains a critical bottleneck for efficiency. Sparse attention reduces computational complexity by limiting the number of tokens each query can attend to, but traditional methods face an unexpected paradox: attention mechanisms designed to be sparser instead become more dispersed than full attention. Today, we dive deep into an innovative solution—SSA (Sparse Sparse Attention). Why We Need to Rethink Sparse Attention With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), the demand …
A Comprehensive Guide to Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B-Thinking: Technical Breakthroughs and Practical Applications In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, large language models are advancing toward larger parameter scales and stronger contextual processing capabilities. The model we’re exploring today—Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B-Thinking—represents a significant achievement in this trend. Whether you’re an AI developer, researcher, or someone interested in cutting-edge technology, this article will provide a thorough analysis of this model’s technical characteristics, performance, and practical application methods. What is Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B-Thinking? Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B-Thinking is the first version in the Qwen team’s new generation of foundation model series. This model is specifically optimized for complex reasoning tasks, achieving …
# CLaRa: Teaching a Language Model to Compress, Retrieve, and Answer in One Breath How to shrink Wikipedia 128× and still beat full-text baselines—without ever labeling “relevant” documents. ## TL;DR CLaRa (Continuous Latent Reasoning) unifies retrieval and generation inside a single LLM by: Offline-compressing every document into 32–256 “memory tokens”; Learning to retrieve with a differentiable top-k operator; Training everything end-to-end with nothing more than next-token prediction loss. On four open QA data sets the framework matches or outperforms full-text RAG while using 1–2 % of the usual context length. ## Table of Contents The Two Walls Hitting Every RAG …
TiDAR: The Next-Gen Language Model Architecture Merging Diffusion and Autoregression This article answers the core question: How can language models maintain generation quality while drastically improving efficiency, achieving a balance between high throughput and optimal GPU utilization? Introduction: The Efficiency-Quality Dilemma in Language Models Core question of this section: What inherent trade-offs exist between generation efficiency and quality in current mainstream language models? As artificial intelligence evolves toward general intelligence, the success of large language models (LLMs) relies heavily on leveraging GPU computational resources effectively. However, the two dominant language model architectures—autoregressive (AR) models and diffusion language models (dLMs)—face an …
Heretic: The Complete Guide to Automatically Removing Censorship from Language Models In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, language models have become indispensable assistants in our work and daily lives. However, the built-in “safety alignment” mechanisms—what we commonly refer to as censorship functions—often limit models’ creativity and practical utility. Imagine asking an AI model a sensitive but legitimate question, only to receive a mechanical refusal to answer. This experience can be incredibly frustrating. Enter Heretic, a tool that’s changing this status quo. It can automatically remove censorship mechanisms from language models without requiring expensive retraining. Whether you’re a researcher, …
Enhancing Reasoning Capabilities in Large Language Models Through Reinforcement Learning In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains. However, one persistent challenge has been equipping these models with deeper reasoning abilities. Recent research reveals that reinforcement learning (RL) techniques can significantly enhance language models’ performance on complex tasks requiring logical thinking and multi-step problem-solving. This article explores the latest advancements in this field, particularly how innovative training methodologies can help models maintain their broad knowledge while developing stronger analytical capabilities. Why Reinforcement Learning is Necessary for Advanced Language Models …
Why Your AI Agent Keeps Forgetting—and How to Give It a Human-Like Memory “ Audience: Anyone with a basic college-level grasp of computer science or product management who wants to build AI agents that remember what users said last week and forget what is no longer useful. Reading time: ≈ 18 min (≈ 3,200 words) Take-away: A plain-language map of how “memory” really works inside stateless large language models, why the usual “just add more text” approach breaks, and the minimum toolkit you need to keep, update, and delete information without blowing up latency or cost. 1. The Amnesia Problem: …
A Comprehensive Guide to NVIDIA Nemotron Parse and mBART: Revolutionizing Document Understanding and Multilingual Translation Introduction: The New Era of AI-Powered Document Processing In today’s increasingly globalized digital landscape, businesses and developers face significant challenges in processing multilingual content and complex document structures. This comprehensive guide explores two cutting-edge AI models that are transforming how we handle these tasks: NVIDIA’s Nemotron Parse for document understanding and Facebook’s mBART for multilingual translation. What makes these models particularly valuable is their ability to understand context and semantics rather than simply processing surface-level characters. For multinational corporations needing real-time translation of business documents …
For all the noise surrounding large language models—their records, their parameter counts, their “next breakthroughs”—the real story often emerges only when we ask a quieter, more grounded question: What happens when we sit down and actually work with them? The document you provided captures this question with unusual clarity. Rather than treating GPT-5.1, Gemini, and LLaMA 3 as abstract technological achievements, it examines them as tools—fallible, idiosyncratic, and surprisingly distinct in the way they reason, respond, and sustain thought. This article reorganizes that analysis into a magazine-style narrative. No external data has been added. Every observation comes strictly from the …