# A Comprehensive Guide to Practical Terminal User Interface (TUI) Tools

In the digital age, Terminal User Interface (TUI) tools continue to hold a vital position among developers, system administrators, and tech enthusiasts, thanks to their lightweight and efficient nature. These tools don’t require complex graphical interface support yet deliver robust functionality—whether you need system monitoring, development assistance, daily entertainment, or productivity boosts, there’s a TUI solution available. This article, based on open-source projects, provides a thorough overview of various practical TUI tools to help users with different needs find the right fit.

## What Are TUI Tools?

Before diving into specific tools, let’s clarify a key concept: Terminal User Interface (TUI) tools are applications that run in a terminal (command-line) environment and build interactive interfaces using text characters. Compared to Graphical User Interface (GUI) tools, TUI tools typically consume fewer system resources, launch faster, and work seamlessly in remote servers, low-spec devices, or environments without graphical support.

Many people confuse TUI tools with pure command-line tools, but their core difference lies in interaction methods: Command-line tools usually require entering specific commands to perform single tasks, while TUI tools offer interface elements similar to GUI—such as “windows,” “menus,” and “buttons.” Users can operate more intuitively via keyboard or mouse, like switching between monitoring metrics in a system tool or browsing directory structures in a file manager.

## 1. System Monitoring & Dashboard TUI Tools

These tools focus on real-time monitoring of system resources (CPU, memory, network, disk, etc.), application status, or specific service data streams. They help users quickly grasp system performance and troubleshoot issues promptly.

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
AdGuardian-Term Real-time monitoring of network traffic for AdGuard Home instances AdGuard Home users checking device network activity https://github.com/lissy93/AdGuardian-Term
bandwhich Terminal-based bandwidth analyzer that shows per-process network usage Identifying processes hogging network bandwidth https://github.com/imsnif/bandwhich
bashtop Bash-written system resource monitor displaying CPU, memory, and process data Lightweight environment system monitoring https://github.com/aristocratos/bashtop
below Linux system resource monitor with “time travel” functionality for historical data Post-incident analysis of resource fluctuations https://github.com/facebookincubator/below
bottom Customizable terminal process/system monitor with a modern, visually appealing UI Users prioritizing aesthetic monitoring interfaces https://github.com/ClementTsang/bottom
btop++ Feature-rich cross-platform system monitor covering CPU core usage and disk I/O Comprehensive system resource tracking https://github.com/aristocratos/btop
Glances Top/htop alternative with remote monitoring support Centralized monitoring across multiple devices https://github.com/nicolargo/glances
htop Interactive process viewer with more features than the default system “top” tool Daily process status checks and management https://github.com/htop-dev/htop
nvtop GPU process monitor supporting AMD, Intel, and NVIDIA graphics cards GPU-dependent tasks (deep learning, rendering) https://github.com/Syllo/nvtop
zenith Rust-written Linux system metrics monitor with graphical visualization Lightweight, efficient system monitoring https://github.com/bvaisvil/zenith

### How to Choose the Right Monitoring Tool?

  • For lightweight use with no extra dependencies: Opt for bashtop (written in bash) or the system’s built-in htop.
  • For GPU resource monitoring: nvtop is purpose-built for graphics cards and supports all major brands.
  • For post-incident troubleshooting: below’s “time travel” feature records historical resource data to identify root causes.
  • For customizable, visually appealing interfaces: bottom and btop++ offer rich themes and display options to match personal preferences.

## 2. Development Assistance TUI Tools

For developers, TUI tools provide terminal-based support for version control, debugging, API testing, and log analysis—eliminating the need to switch between GUI tools and boosting productivity.

### 2.1 Code Version Control Tools

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
gitui Rust-written high-speed Git terminal interface for branching, committing, and merging Daily Git operations prioritizing speed https://github.com/extrawurst/gitui
lazygit Simplified Git UI with menu-guided complex operations (rebasing, stash management) Beginners unfamiliar with Git commands or users needing quick complex tasks https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazygit
tig Text-mode Git repository browser for commit history and branch visualization Reviewing commit history and analyzing repository structure https://github.com/jonas/tig
grv Terminal Git viewer with code diff previews Detailed inspection of code changes and repository organization https://github.com/rgburke/grv

### 2.2 Debugging & Log Analysis Tools

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
cgdb Terminal frontend for GNU Debugger (gdb) with syntax highlighting and breakpoint management C/C++ debugging requiring intuitive breakpoint control https://github.com/cgdb/cgdb
pudb Visual console debugger for Python supporting step-through execution and variable inspection Python debugging as an alternative to PyCharm’s GUI debugger https://github.com/inducer/pudb
lazyjournal Log viewer supporting journalctl, file logs, and Docker/Podman container logs Unified viewing of system and container logs https://github.com/Lifailon/lazyjournal
logshark Go-written JSON log debugging CLI with filtering and analysis features Processing JSON-formatted application logs https://github.com/ugosan/logshark

### 2.3 API & Database Tools

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
ATAC Full-featured Rust-written TUI API client supporting offline use (no account required) Testing REST APIs and viewing GET/POST responses https://github.com/Julien-cpsn/ATAC
posting Terminal HTTP client with advanced request configuration (headers, body formats) Flexible API testing with custom HTTP requests https://github.com/darrenburns/posting
harlequin Terminal SQL IDE supporting multiple database types Writing/executing SQL and browsing table structures https://github.com/tconbeer/harlequin
gobang Cross-platform Rust-written TUI database manager for multi-database connections Managing MySQL/PostgreSQL and executing SQL operations https://github.com/TaKO8Ki/gobang

## 3. Container & Kubernetes Management TUI Tools

With the growing popularity of container technology and Kubernetes (K8s), TUI tools have emerged to simplify container and cluster management—no need for GUI tools like Docker Desktop or Kubernetes Dashboard.

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
ctop Top-like container metrics viewer showing CPU, memory, and network usage Monitoring resource bottlenecks across multiple containers https://github.com/bcicen/ctop
dive Docker image layer explorer for analyzing image size composition Optimizing Docker images by removing redundant files https://github.com/wagoodman/dive
lazydocker Simplified Docker TUI for container, image, and volume management Daily Docker tasks (start/stop containers, view logs) https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazydocker
k9s Kubernetes cluster management TUI for viewing Pods, Deployments, and Services K8s daily operations (log checks, container access) https://github.com/derailed/k9s
kdash Lightweight Kubernetes dashboard for cluster resource overview Quick assessment of K8s cluster health https://github.com/kdash-rs/kdash
Podman-tui TUI management tool for Podman containers covering lifecycle operations Podman users managing containers without Docker https://github.com/containers/podman-tui

### Usage Tips

  • For single-machine Docker users: lazydocker handles nearly all daily tasks with a user-friendly interface—no need to memorize complex commands.
  • For Docker image optimization: dive is essential; it visualizes files added in each image layer to identify bloat.
  • For Kubernetes administrators: k9s is an industry-standard tool enabling fast navigation and resource operations to boost efficiency.

## 4. Terminal Text Editor TUI Tools

While GUI editors like VS Code and Sublime Text are powerful, terminal editors remain essential for remote servers or headless environments. These TUI editors support syntax highlighting, linting, and features like multi-file management—mirroring GUI functionality.

Tool Name Core Features Use Cases Project Link
helix Modern editor with multi-cursor support, LSP integration, and built-in formatting Code writing with intelligent suggestions for multiple languages https://helix-editor.com/
micro Intuitive terminal editor with mouse support, syntax highlighting, and simple config Beginners or quick file edits (e.g., config files) https://github.com/zyedidia/micro
kakoune Modal editor focused on interactivity (similar to Vim but more intuitive) Users familiar with modal editing seeking efficiency http://kakoune.org/
vis Vi-like editor with Plan 9 structured regex and plugin support Vi users needing advanced regex capabilities https://github.com/martanne/vis
zee Rust-written modern terminal editor with LSP and multi-panel layout High-performance code editing for speed-sensitive users https://github.com/zee-editor/zee

### Editor Selection Recommendations

  • For terminal editor beginners: Start with micro—its GUI-like workflow (including mouse support) requires no learning of modal operations.
  • For intelligent code assistance: helix includes built-in LSP support, delivering VS Code-like smart suggestions without extra setup.
  • For Vim users: Try vis or kakoune, which refine Vi’s operation logic for improved efficiency.

## 5. Terminal File Manager TUI Tools

Terminal file managers enable directory browsing and file operations (copy, paste, delete, rename) in the command line. Many support advanced features like file previews and batch processing—replacing GUI tools like Windows File Explorer or macOS Finder.

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
ranger VIM-style file manager with preview, batch operations, and keyboard shortcuts VIM users needing efficient file management https://github.com/ranger/ranger
lf Go-written file manager inspired by ranger (fast startup) Lightweight, speed-focused file navigation https://github.com/gokcehan/lf
nnn Lightweight file manager with plugin support and batch renaming Low-resource environments (e.g., servers) https://github.com/jarun/nnn
yazi Rust-written high-speed file manager with async I/O and image previews Users prioritizing speed and media previews https://github.com/sxyazi/yazi
Vifm Vi-keybindings file manager with dual-pane layout (like Midnight Commander) Vi users needing side-by-side file comparison https://github.com/vifm/vifm

### Useful Feature Highlights

  • File Previews: ranger and yazi preview text files, images, and audio metadata—no need to open files to check content.
  • Batch Operations: nnn and Vifm support bulk renaming/deletion, ideal for organizing large file collections.
  • Remote Management: Tools like ranger connect to remote servers via SSH for direct file management—no FTP client required.

## 6. Other Practical TUI Tool Categories

Beyond the above categories, TUI tools exist for specific use cases like entertainment, communication, and productivity. Below are common options in these areas.

### 6.1 Entertainment (Games, Multimedia)

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
2048-cli Terminal-based 2048 game controlled via arrow keys Casual terminal entertainment during breaks https://github.com/tiehuis/2048-cli
cbonsai Terminal bonsai tree generator with animated growth effects Terminal customization or screensaver use https://gitlab.com/jallbrit/cbonsai
ncspot Cross-platform ncurses Spotify client for playback, favorites, and playlist management Listening to Spotify without GUI clients https://github.com/hrkfdn/ncspot
cmus Lightweight terminal music player supporting multiple audio formats Playing local music on servers/headless systems https://cmus.github.io/
timg Terminal image viewer with format support and scaling options Previewing images without GUI tools https://github.com/hzeller/timg

### 6.2 Communication (Chat, Email)

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
weechat Extensible terminal chat client supporting IRC, XMPP, and Slack Unified management of multiple chat platforms https://weechat.org/
mutt Terminal email client with POP3/IMAP support (integrates with abook address book) Privacy-focused email in terminal environments https://gitlab.com/muttmua/mutt
discordo Lightweight secure Discord terminal client for messaging and channel switching Using Discord without resource-heavy GUI clients https://github.com/ayntgl/discordo
gomuks Matrix protocol terminal client with encrypted chat and file transfer Secure communication for Matrix ecosystem users https://github.com/tulir/gomuks

### 6.3 Productivity (Calendars, Task Management, Notes)

Tool Name Core Functionality Use Cases Project Link
calcurse Terminal calendar and scheduler with task management and reminders Scheduling and to-do tracking in terminal https://calcurse.org/
taskwarrior-tui TUI frontend for Taskwarrior (task creation, completion tracking, prioritization) GTD (Getting Things Done) workflow management https://github.com/kdheepak/taskwarrior-tui
jrnl Terminal journal with encryption, tagging, and search features Private note-taking with privacy focus https://jrnl.sh/
glow Terminal Markdown reader with syntax highlighting and theme customization Reading Markdown files (READMEs, notes) in terminal https://github.com/charmbracelet/glow
tmux Terminal multiplexer for window management and persistent remote sessions Running multiple terminal tasks or retaining remote connections https://github.com/tmux/tmux

## 7. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

To help users better understand and use TUI tools, below are answers to common questions covering selection, installation, and usage.

### Q1: What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of TUI Tools Compared to GUI Tools?

Advantages:

  1. Lower resource usage: TUI tools consume minimal CPU and memory, making them ideal for low-spec devices or remote servers.
  2. Faster startup: No need to load graphics engines, so they launch much quicker than GUI tools.
  3. Remote-friendly: They run directly over SSH connections—no need for X11 forwarding or other graphical setup.
  4. Efficient keyboard control: Most TUI tools offer rich shortcuts, enabling faster operation than mouse-based GUI tools once mastered.

Disadvantages:

  1. Less intuitive interaction: For complex tasks (e.g., image editing, data visualization), GUI drag-and-drop workflows are easier to learn.
  2. Limited multimedia support: TUI tools handle images/videos poorly, usually only offering basic previews.
  3. Steeper learning curve: Tools with Vim-style controls require learning specific shortcuts, which can take time for beginners.

### Q2: How Do I Install TUI Tools?

Most TUI tools are open-source, with three main installation methods:

  1. System Package Managers (for Linux):
    Use distro-specific tools like apt (Ubuntu/Debian), yum (CentOS/RHEL), or pacman (Arch). Example for installing htop:

    # Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install htop

# CentOS/RHEL
sudo yum install htop

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -S htop

  2. Source Code Compilation:
    Download source code from GitHub/GitLab and follow the project’s README instructions. Example for lazygit:

    # Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazygit.git
cd lazygit

# Compile (requires Go environment)
go install

  3. Language-Specific Package Managers:
    Tools written in languages like Rust or Python can be installed via their package managers:

    # Install bottom (Rust, via cargo)
cargo install bottom

# Install pudb (Python, via pip)
pip install pudb

### Q3: Which TUI Tools Are Best for Beginners?

New users should start with tools that are easy to operate and well-documented:

  1. System Monitoring: htop (simple interface, navigate with arrow keys).
  2. Text Editing: micro (mouse support, similar to Notepad—no modal operations).
  3. File Management: ranger (visual directory tree, previews, and basic Vim-style shortcuts).
  4. Daily Use: glow (Markdown reader—open files directly with syntax highlighting).

### Q4: How Can I Customize TUI Tool Interfaces (Themes, Colors)?

Most TUI tools support customization through three common methods:

  1. Built-in Theme Settings: Tools like btop++ let you access themes directly via the interface (press F2 to open settings).
  2. Configuration Files: Edit config files (usually in ~/.config/) to adjust colors, fonts, or display options. For example, modify the colorscheme field in ~/.config/ranger/rc.conf to change ranger’s theme.
  3. Terminal Color Sync: TUI tool colors depend on your terminal’s color scheme. Customize terminals like iTerm2 or Alacritty to unify the look of all TUI tools.

### Q5: What Libraries Can I Use to Develop My Own TUI Tools?

For TUI tool development, consider these open-source libraries (supporting multiple languages):

Library Name Supported Language Core Features Project Link
bubbletea Go Elm-based architecture with state management and plugin support https://github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea
Ratatui Rust Actively maintained TUI library with tables, charts, and inputs https://github.com/tui-rs-revival/ratatui
textual Python Web-inspired framework with components and responsive design https://github.com/willmcgugan/textual
ncurses C Classic TUI library with bindings for Python/other languages https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/

## 8. Conclusion

TUI tools remain essential in modern tech ecosystems, thanks to their lightweight, efficient, and cross-platform nature. Whether for system administration, software development, daily productivity, or entertainment, there’s a TUI tool to meet your needs. This article has organized common TUI tools by category—from monitoring and development to containers and editors—with selection tips and usage guidance to help users find the right tools for their workflows.

If your favorite TUI tool isn’t listed here, or if you have tips to share, feel free to leave a comment. The open-source community continuously releases new TUI tools, and you can discover more via these resources:

  • Awesome Open Source TUI Projects: https://awesomeopensource.com/projects/tui
  • k.mandla’s Inconsolation Blog (tool reviews): https://inconsolation.wordpress.com/index/

Ultimately, the core value of TUI tools lies in efficiency. When choosing a tool, prioritize fit for your use case and workflow over “feature completeness”—the right tool will help you work smarter, not harder.